Electrical protective apparatus



l. E. COLE.

'ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE APPARATUS.

APPUCATION FILED sEPT.21,1911.

1,318,971.l Patented Get. 14, 19151?,

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5y Affi Et E. OGLE, F NEW YRK, ."il'. Y., SSIGNR TO WESTERN' lll'" Elfi "Tiere correrse?,

ELECTRCAL PETECTIVE APARATS.

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Specificmon of Letters Pete-nt.

lPetented @et le, 19MB.

Application lle-d September 21, 19T?. Serial Ho. li.

useful Improvements in Electrical Protec` tive Apparatus, of which the following' is e full, clear, concise, end exact description.

This invention relates to devices for protecting' circuits from abnormal voltages, lightning; end similar disturbances, and more 'particularly to protective devices for circuits of low .normal operating voltage.

The type of protective device moet co1nnicely used for the protection or" circuits of low normal operating voltage, such es telephone., tebgrepli and signal circuits, con siste essentially of two electrodes spaced, s-pertby e sepereter of insulating materie-l, y mice or celluloid. To insure satisq s operstion it is necessary 'that the tlaissepiiretor loe held Within ose limits, which is diliculL in the cese or"- miee, end the use of Celluloid or e eerboneeeoiis materiel is objectionable in that elites? discharge e bridge of conducting jill meter-iai frequently connects ei'odes.

The obiect of the 'presentinvention is to provide e. protective device not possessing the deeets inherent in elle type commonly used and lxieli., moreover, will oe simple in eonstriici'on, easy in menufacture and esv semble, and eliieient in operetion,

'.z'rttein this elijeettlie invention pr vides :i unit construction consisting of e. block el' insnletirig' material in Wliieli both electrodes ere eeeneely fastened :it e definite distance spart and Without resorting' to the use of e seperetor. Accurate spacing of the electrodes is obtained by plecingr si e-ege oetween the electrodes during assembly, tliis being" reirrovefl after the electrodes ere cemented in isle-ee.

The severelieetnres of this invention may ilie more cleerlyn` understood oy reference to the accompny'ig ,drevy'ingzs in which Fig* nre l is e. per.

neetive View of :L partially assembled protector embodying this invention; 2' is en elevation of the pro;

rector sliowi iii Fig. l filter the assembly luis been eomoleied: 3 is :i cross-section View alone tlielline 5%3 or Fig, 2; ille', is e persoectivel View of a slightly dilierent constructiongig. 5 is e sectional View along the :two elecl the line 5-5 of Fig. Ll; and Fim 6 is e sec= tional View along the line 6-6 of Fig. e.

Referring new to Figs. l. to 3, e body member 7 of porcelain o1' other suitable insuleting materiel is proyided at two or its opposite sides with openings or slots adapted to receive the opposing electrodes 8 and 9, which are of condmeting,1 materiel, preferably carbon. ln order that these electrodes may be spaced e definite distance apart,

without resorting. to the use of av separator, aV third side of -tlie member 7 is provided with :in opening or slotJ 1G of suitable dimensions to permit 'the insertion of e gege ll. to locate the electrodes dering itssembly. While seperated by gege il, the electrodes are firmly cemented to the body member. Alter 'the electrodes ere secured piece the gage il is removed, Completing assembly eed lern/line` the electrodes 8 sind 9 sepereted by e definiteeir grip 13 equal the thickness of the gege employed.

lin the :ilrernate construction, illustrated by Fiese, 5 end il, the electrodes l5 and 'lf3 instead or" being secured directly to the porcelain body member 1T ere' fastened to metel plates 18 end i9, respectively, these 'pletes in turn being secured to tlie porcef lain body meinber. linv assembly, the electrede l5 provided with e sli-erik 20 is first securely' fastened to the metal plete 18, after which the plete is secured in piece by ineens of the screws 2, 2l, which pees through holes inthe porcelain member and engage threaded holes in the metal plate 18, the holes in tlie porcelain being provided with enlarged 4portions adapted to receive the screw heads. The mete] plete 19, carrying the electrode le, the slienlr 22 of which lits loosely into e perforation in 'the plate, is

which pees through peroretions in the body member and engage threaded holes in the .motel plete i9. Cleerenee holes '24, 2e are provided in 'the metal pluie 18 to permit the passage therethrough of the screw'lieeds, and the perforetions in the porcelain ino-n1- 'loer ere also provided with enlarged portions 25, 25 iii order that the heads of screws 23 may be seperated a propel; distance from tlxe metal plete 18. After plates 18 and 19 are boli-li #secured to elle body member, :t gege of e thickness equal to the de srcd air fue is inserted into the slot 26 and of the electrode 16 is then secured to plate 19 by soldering or other suitable means,

. tween the electrodes. Moreover, in each case a unit protector is provided in which the spark gap is completely inclosed on three sides, forming e closed air pocket for the spark gap, thereby eliminating the circulation of zrir across the discharge gap and the resulting possibility of trouble from dust accumulating 'and interfering with the proper functioning of the protector.

'What is claimed is:

l. A protective device comprising' a block of insulating materiel substantially rectangular in cross-section and having a plurality of longitudinal slots therein, two of seid slots being in elinexnent, conducting elec trodes cemented in piece Within seid alined slots and having their opposing surfaces parallel, and another of saidslots substentially perpendicular to the :dined slots to provide for the insertion of a temporary spacing member between the electrodes.

2. A protective device comprising e block miseri of insulating material substantially rectangular in cross-section provided with three intersecting longitudinal slots, two or' seid slots being in alinemeut and the third slot being lsubstzintie-ily perpendicular to the other slots, and e pair of rectangular electrodes cemented in position Wit-hin the alined slot-s and having their opposing surfaces in parallel planes A rotective device comprising zt biocli of insu ating materiel substantially rectanguiar in cross-section having three of its feces provided with slots, a pair of electrcdes7 and means for supporting said electrodes within the slot-s in the'opposite faces of seid block, the other slotproviding forthe insertion of a temporary spacing meinber between said electrodes.

4. A protective device comprising a block of insulating materiel provided with three intersecting slots, one of said slots extending the entire length of: said block, e second of seid slots in valinement with said first slot and extending,`- only e portion of the length of seid block, the third of seid slots being substantially et right .angles to the other slots, a pair of electrodes, and means for supporting said electrodes in said elined slots.

In Witness whereof, l hereunto subscribev my naine this 14th day et Sept., A. D., 1917.

` im E. conn.

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